FĂ©ar roe Siberian Is doe beag leochaileach. TĂĄ go leor ainmneacha air. Is Ă© an ceann is coitianta thoir. Meastar gurb Ă© an roe fianna an ceann is mĂł i gcatagĂłir na bhfianna is lĂș. Thug an dĂșlra grĂĄsta, leochaileacht agus rabhadh dochreidte don ainmhĂ seo. TĂĄ a lĂĄn nĂłsanna agus stĂl mhaireachtĂĄla cosĂșil le gabhair. Is Ă© an gaol is gaire do na fianna Eorpacha.
BunĂșs an speicis agus an tuairisc
Grianghraf: FĂ©ar roe Siberian
Baineann an roe Siberian le mamaigh luibhneach, crĂșbach. A bhaineann le teaghlach na fianna, gĂ©ineas na bhfianna. Is iad sinsear ĂĄrsa an ghĂ©ineas na Miocene Mundjaks. Tugann eolaithe faoi deara go raibh grĂșpa ainmhithe ina gcĂłnaĂ ar fud na hEorpa agus na hĂise sa Mhiocene Uachtarach agus sa Phiocene Ăochtarach, a raibh go leor gnĂ©ithe acu cosĂșil le fianna nua-aimseartha. Go dtĂ le dĂ©anaĂ, bhĂ fianna iola na SibĂ©ire ina gcĂłnaĂ ar fud na haerĂĄide measartha.
Dealramh agus gnéithe
Grianghraf: Fireann roe Siberian baineann
NĂ thĂ©ann fad choirp an ionadaĂ seo de theaghlach na fianna nĂos mĂł nĂĄ mĂ©adar go leith. Is Ă© 80-95 ceintimĂ©adar airde an choirp ag na feoite. Is Ă© meĂĄchan coirp duine fĂĄsta 30 - 45 cileagram. TĂĄ na fireannaigh beagĂĄn nĂos mĂł nĂĄ na mnĂĄ, ach nĂ fhuaimnĂtear Ă© seo.
TĂĄ muzzle beag, beagĂĄinĂn fada ag fianna rua. NĂ thĂ©ann mĂ©id an chloigeann thar 20-22 ceintimĂ©adar. TĂĄ adharca arda ar an ceann, a shroicheann a fhad leath mhĂ©adar i gcĂĄsanna ĂĄirithe. Is minic a bhĂonn na hadharca leathan, ag leathadh. NĂ chaitheann ach fireannaigh adharca fada ĂĄlainn. NĂ bhĂonn baineannaigh acu ar chor ar bith, nĂł tĂĄ adharca beaga neamh-tarraingteach orthu go seachtrach.
FĂseĂĄn: Fianna roe Siberian
TĂĄ an cĂłta sa gheimhreadh tiubh le tint reddish. San earrach agus sa samhradh, is Ă© dath gruaige liath is mĂł, agus Ă©irĂonn an scĂĄthĂĄn bĂĄn i limistĂ©ar an eireabaill an dath cĂ©anna leis an gcorp ar fad. Seideanna olann dhĂĄ uair sa bhliain. Sa samhradh, bĂonn an cĂłta i bhfad nĂos tanaĂ agus nĂos giorra. TĂĄ an dath cĂ©anna ar mhnĂĄ agus ar mhnĂĄ.
Ar an ceann tĂĄ cluasa fada, cruinn. DĂ©antar idirdhealĂș idir an fianna rua agus a shĂșile mĂłra dubha le daltaĂ a bhfuil spĂĄs eatarthu. TĂĄ muineĂĄl fada, galĂĄnta ag an ainmhĂ gan mane. I bhfireannaigh, tĂĄ sĂ© nĂos lĂĄidre agus nĂos stocaĂ nĂĄ i measc na mban. TĂĄ gĂ©aga fada caol ag fianna iola na SibĂ©ire. TĂĄ na forelimbs beagĂĄn nĂos giorra nĂĄ na cinn hind. Mar gheall air seo, tĂĄ an spine tilted beagĂĄn ar aghaidh. TĂĄ eireaball beag cruinn air atĂĄ timpeallaithe ag fĂĄinne olla bĂĄn ar a dtugtar scĂĄthĂĄn.
Sa trĂ©imhse earrach-samhraidh, tĂĄ faireoga rĂșnda an-fhorbartha ag fireannaigh, go hĂĄirithe faireoga sebaceous agus allais. Le cabhair uathu, fĂĄgann fireannaigh marcanna a thugann le fios gur le crĂoch ĂĄirithe iad. TĂĄ Ă©isteacht agus mothĂș boladh den scoth ag fianna roe Siberian.
CĂĄ gcĂłnaĂonn fianna na SibĂ©ire?
Grianghraf: Leabhar Dearg fianna Siberian
TĂĄ an ghnĂĄthĂłg leathan go leor.
GnĂĄthĂłg fianna roe Siberian:
- RĂ©igiĂșin thuaidh MhongĂłil;
- CrĂoch thiar na SĂne;
- MeĂĄn-Ăise;
- Yakutia;
- Transbaikalia;
- An tSibéir;
- Ural.
Roghnaigh sinsear an speicis seo de artiodactyls sna seanlaethanta crĂoch na steppe foraoise le haghaidh cĂłnaithe. Mar sin fĂ©in, le leathnĂș theorainneacha na crĂche a dâfhorbair fear, bhog siad go dtĂ na foraoisĂ. RoghnaĂonn fianna roe limistĂ©ar dĂĄ ngnĂĄthĂłg, ĂĄit ar fĂ©idir leo bia a cheilt agus a fhĂĄil go hĂ©asca. Mura bhfuil aon fhadhbanna beathaithe ann, ach go bhfuil deacracht ann le foscadh, nĂ fhanfaidh an t-ainmhĂ anseo. TĂĄ sĂ© seo mar gheall ar fhorbairt an instinct fĂ©in-chaomhnaithe.
Is creiche Ă©asca do chreachadĂłirĂ na fianna a chĂłnaĂonn i bhfĂĄsra dlĂșth oscailte gan chosaint.
Is fearr leo cos na beanna slĂ©ibhe, an tĂr-raon creagach, tor ard tor, cĂłsta taiscumair steppe. Ina theannta sin, is breĂĄ leis na hainmhithe leochaileacha seo mĂłinĂ©ir, fĂ©ar ard, dlĂșth. Is minic gur fĂ©idir leat teacht ar fhianna i SibĂ©ire i gceantair bhog, i bhforaoisĂ buaircĂneacha, duillsilteacha, ar chrĂoch na talĂșn talmhaĂochta. TĂĄ cĂĄilĂocht den scoth acu maidir le hoiriĂșnĂș don limistĂ©ar saothraithe. Ba chĂłir a thabhairt faoi deara go bhfulaingĂonn na hainmhithe milis seo, ar an gcĂ©ad amharc, sioc fuar leanĂșnach.
BĂonn tionchar ag roinnt prĂomhfhachtĂłirĂ ar rogha lĂĄithreĂĄn lonnaĂochta: foinse cumhachta, foscadh agus airde an chlĂșdaigh sneachta a bheith ar fĂĄil. Is Ă© 0.5 mĂ©adar an uasairde incheadaithe den chiseal sneachta. MĂĄ shĂĄraĂonn an airde an marc seo, fĂ©achann na artiodactyls ar ĂĄit eile ina bhfuil an clĂșdach sneachta i bhfad nĂos lĂș. CoinnĂoll tĂĄbhachtach eile nĂĄ nach luĂonn sneachta ar an talamh an chuid is mĂł den bhliain.
Cad a itheann an roe Siberian?
Grianghraf: Fireann de roe Siberian
Is luibhiteoirĂ iad fianna iola na SibĂ©ire. NĂ fĂ©idir a rĂĄ, ĂĄfach, nach n-itheann siad ach fĂ©ar amhĂĄin. Is fĂ©idir le hainmhithe beacĂĄin, caora, shoots Ăłga, duilleoga a ithe. Go luath san earrach, itheann siad na bachlĂłga blĂĄthacha ar chrainn. Is fearr leo greens juicy, Ășr. Is fĂ©idir leo beatha a thabhairt ar fhĂĄsra tirim, grĂĄin gan easpa bia.
Ionas go bhfaighidh an corp na mianraĂ is gĂĄ, itheann na fianna licks salann, nĂł tĂĄ siad ag lorg foinsĂ uisce le haghaidh uisce, atĂĄ saibhrithe le mianraĂ. Le linn na trĂ©imhse iompair agus beathaithe na n-Ăłg, mĂ©adaĂonn an gĂĄ atĂĄ le mianraĂ a fhĂĄil arĂs agus arĂs eile.
Is Ă© deireadh na geimhridh an trĂ©imhse is deacra dâfhianna iola na SibĂ©ire. Ba ag an am seo a bhraitheann siad ganntanas gĂ©ar bia saibhir i mianraĂ, chomh maith le leacht. Nuair a reonn dobharlaigh, is fĂ©idir le sneachta ithe suas chun riachtanas an choirp le sreabhĂĄn a athlĂĄnĂș. Sa gheimhreadh, in Ă©agmais bia, is fĂ©idir leo buaircĂnigh a ithe.
TĂĄ boilg bheag sa chĂłras dĂleĂĄ de artiodactyls. Mar thoradh air sin, is beag a itheann na fianna. Mar sin fĂ©in, teastaĂonn iontĂłgĂĄil bia go minic Ăł mheitibileacht ghnĂomhach. I rith an lae, bĂonn 7-10 bĂ©ile ar a laghad ag duine fĂĄsta amhĂĄin. Cinntear an liĂșntas bia laethĂșil do dhuine amhĂĄin de rĂ©ir mheĂĄchan a choirp agus tĂĄ sĂ© thart ar 2-2.5 cileagram de fhĂĄsra glas. Sa sĂ©asĂșr fuar, laghdaĂonn mĂ©id laethĂșil an bhia, mar aon lena ĂĄbhar calraĂ.
I ndĂĄlaĂ ganntanas bia, fĂĄsann iomaĂocht ghĂ©ar idir rugaĂ eile agus fianna iola na SibĂ©ire. Sa gheimhreadh, mura bhfuil foinse bia ann, dĂ©anann na fianna sneachta a thochailt lena crĂșba, ag tochailt fĂĄsra tirim. TĂĄ siad in ann a gcuid bia a fhĂĄil faoi na sraitheanna sneachta, a shroicheann a thiĂșs leath mhĂ©adar.
GnĂ©ithe de charachtar agus de stĂl mhaireachtĂĄla
Grianghraf: FĂ©ar roe Siberian
Sna hainmhithe seo, tugtar faoi deara caitheamh aimsire timthriallach laethĂșil. MalartaĂonn a dtrĂ©imhsĂ innilte agus gluaiseachta le bia coganta agus scĂth, codladh. BĂonn na hainmhithe is gnĂomhaĂ agus soghluaiste go luath ar maidin. Caitheann na hainmhithe an chuid is mĂł dĂĄ gcuid ama ar an leaba. Is ardĂĄin iad na buncanna a ghlanann siad Ăł shneachta agus fĂĄsra tirim lena crĂșba. De ghnĂĄth roghnaĂonn fianna iola na SibĂ©ire ĂĄiteanna le leagan ar imeall mĂłinĂ©ir, nĂł i bhforaois.
De rĂ©ir a nĂĄdĂșir, nĂ ainmhithe aonair iad fianna iola na SibĂ©ire. CruinnĂonn siad i ngrĂșpaĂ beaga de 7-12 duine. Is Ă©ard atĂĄ sa ghrĂșpa fear, roinnt ban agus ainmhithe Ăłga. Sa sĂ©asĂșr fuar, is fĂ©idir le grĂșpaĂ beaga trĂ©ad suas le trĂ dhosaen ceann a fhoirmiĂș. Le tĂșs an earraigh, dĂscaoileann siad arĂs.
Braitheann gnĂomhaĂocht laethĂșil ar roinnt fachtĂłirĂ: sĂ©asĂșracht, lĂon na ndaoine aonair sa trĂ©ad, dĂ©ine an bhrĂș antrapaigineach. Sa gheimhreadh, breathnaĂtear an ghnĂomhaĂocht is airde go luath ar maidin, sa samhradh - san oĂche agus sa trĂĄthnĂłna. Le brĂș antrapaigineach fhuaimnithe, tarlaĂonn an ghnĂomhaĂocht is mĂł daoine aonair san oĂche freisin.
TĂĄ fianna roe Siberian ceangailte le limistĂ©ar ar leith. Tar Ă©is dĂłibh mĂĄistreacht a dhĂ©anamh ar chrĂoch ĂĄirithe, bĂonn claonadh acu filleadh ansin arĂs agus arĂs eile. ClĂșdaĂonn fireannaigh crĂoch ĂĄirithe, atĂĄ marcĂĄilte trĂ chuimilt lena mbarr agus a muineĂĄl i gcoinne crainn. Is fĂ©idir leo an talamh a thochailt lena crĂșba freisin, rud a fhĂĄgann rĂșn air idir na faireoga digiteacha. ClĂșdaĂonn fear fĂĄsta amhĂĄin limistĂ©ar 20 go 150 heicteĂĄr. De ghnĂĄth, nĂ bhĂonn forluĂ ar sheilbh na bhfear. NĂ fĂ©idir ceapacha a leagan ar bharr a chĂ©ile ach ag dlĂșs ard.
TĂĄ sĂ© neamhghnĂĄch dâfhir dul isteach i gcrĂocha eachtracha. Le tĂșs gach sĂ©asĂșr nua, gnĂłthaĂonn fireannaigh fĂĄsta a gceart chun ĂșinĂ©ireachta ar an gcrĂoch ar ais.
Meastar gur ainmhithe sĂochĂĄnta, neamh-choimhlinte iad fianna iola na SibĂ©ire. FiĂș amhĂĄin idir fhir, is annamh a thagann coimhlintĂ chun cinn. Nuair a thagann cĂĄs indiĂșscartha chun cinn, is gnĂĄch go lĂ©irĂonn siad neart os comhair comhraic. DĂ©anann go leor fuaimeanna Ă©agsĂșla.
ComharthaĂ fuaime tipiciĂșla dâfhianna iola na SibĂ©ire:
- FeadaĂl. Is gnĂĄch nuair a bhĂonn bean i mbun cumarsĂĄide lena coileĂĄin. Is lĂ©iriĂș Ă© ar imnĂ, imnĂ.
- Hissing, snorting. Cuireann sĂ© ionsaĂ, greannĂș in iĂșl.
- Ag tafann. Is fĂ©idir le daoine suaite, scanraithe foilsiĂș.
- Moan. Scaoileann sé ainmhà atå gafa.
- Geansaithe torannacha, crĂșba. Is comhartha trĂ©ith Ă© de chiall contĂșirte, eagla.
I gcumarsĂĄid daoine aonair lena chĂ©ile, tĂĄ rĂłl tĂĄbhachtach ag teanga neamhbhriathartha na postures. DĂĄ bhrĂ sin, tugann siad alĂĄraim, glaonna chun teitheadh, srl. Is gnĂĄch go mbĂonn na fianna ag rith go gasta agus ag lĂ©im ard. In iarracht Ă©alĂș Ăłn ruaig, lĂ©im fia roe Siberian nĂos mĂł nĂĄ cĂșig mhĂ©adar ar airde.
StruchtĂșr sĂłisialta agus atĂĄirgeadh
Grianghraf: CiĂșb fianna Siberian
TosaĂonn an sĂ©asĂșr cĂșplĂĄla dâainmhithe i lĂĄr mhĂ IĂșil agus maireann sĂ© mĂ go leith go dhĂĄ mhĂ. BĂonn fireannaigh sa tĂłir ar mhnĂĄ i gcĂłnaĂ, go praiticiĂșil nĂ itheann siad rud ar bith le linn na trĂ©imhse seo. Meastar go bhfuil mnĂĄ a bhfuil dhĂĄ bhliain dâaois aibĂ go gnĂ©asach. MĂĄ tĂĄ roinnt iarratasĂłirĂ ann ar an gceart chun pĂłsadh le baineannaigh, is fĂ©idir le fireannaigh troid lena chĂ©ile.
TĂĄ lĂ©iriĂș freisin ar ionsaitheacht i measc na bhfear i dtreo na mban. I sĂ©asĂșr cĂșplĂĄla amhĂĄin, tĂĄ an fear in ann suas le 5-7 bean a thorthĂș. NĂ hionann fianna rua den inscne baineann freisin i bhfoirmiĂș ceangail seanbhunaithe. CĂ© gur fĂ©idir leo cĂșplĂĄil ar feadh roinnt blianta i ndiaidh a chĂ©ile leis an bhfear is fearr leo.
Tugtar faoi deara toircheas nach maireann in artiodactyls Siberian. Is Ă© sin, stopann an suth foirmithe fĂĄs agus forbairt ar feadh suas le 3-4 mhĂ. MĂĄ tharlaĂonn cĂșplĂĄil sa titim, nĂl aon trĂ©imhse latency ann le haghaidh toirchis. Le tĂșs fhĂĄs an suthanna, Ă©irĂonn an baineann nĂos cruinne agus nĂos cĂșramach. NĂl sĂ trĂ©ithrithe ag geansaithe gĂ©ara, contĂșirteacha, rith rĂł-thapa. DĂ©antar an trĂ©imhse iompair a bhleoghan Ăł 250 go 320 lĂĄ. Beirtear Ăł leanbh amhĂĄin go triĂșr.
TĂĄ coileĂĄin fianna an-leochaileach agus gan chuidiĂș. FolaĂonn an baineann iad in ĂĄiteanna sĂĄbhĂĄilte i bhfolach ar feadh roinnt mĂonna.
CuidĂonn na specks ar chĂșl le duaithnĂocht a dhĂ©anamh i ndĂșthaigh fĂĄsra. NĂl an mhĂĄthair i bhfad ar shiĂșl, ach is fearr lĂ©i gan beathĂș agus scĂth a ligean leis na leanaĂ, ionas nach dtarraingeofar aird orthu. CoinnĂonn an baineann teagmhĂĄil leis an sliocht go dtĂ go mbĂonn glĂșin nua le feiceĂĄil.
TĂĄ fianna roe Siberian an-torthĂșil. Le tĂșs gach sĂ©asĂșr nua, beirtear nĂos mĂł nĂĄ 96% de mhnĂĄ aibĂ gnĂ©asacha den speiceas. In ainneoin an torthĂșlachta ard, nĂ fhĂĄsann fĂĄs nĂĄdĂșrtha go gasta. I measc an speicis seo de ungulates, tĂĄ rĂĄta marthanais Ăseal coileĂĄin.
Naimhde nĂĄdĂșrtha fianna roe Siberian
Grianghraf: FĂ©ar roe Siberian
Ainmhithe creiche iad naimhde nĂĄdĂșrtha na bhfianna Siberian. Ina measc seo tĂĄ bĂ©ir, lynxes, wolves, tigers. TĂĄ sionnaigh agus speicis Ă©an creiche ina mbagairt do leanaĂ Ăłga agus gan chuidiĂș.
Ligeann fĂĄs beag agus dath gruaige liath-donn nĂĄdĂșrtha dĂł tuaslagadh i gcoinne chĂșlra toir, duilliĂșr agus fĂĄsra ard. Ligeann cosa fada duit rith go tapa agus constaicĂ arda a shĂĄrĂș. Ag an am a shaothraĂtear, forbraĂonn fianna earba luas chomh hard le 50 km / h. Ag an luas seo, nĂl siad in ann taisteal achair fhada. Mar sin fĂ©in, mĂĄ tĂĄ tĂș in ann a leithĂ©id de ghreann a dhĂ©anamh agus lĂ©im suas le 4-7 mĂ©adar ar airde, is fĂ©idir leat an ruaig a sheachaint.
Is namhaid contĂșirteach eile Ă© an fia roe Siberian. Is de bharr go bhfuil an fear ag scriosadh gnĂĄthĂłg nĂĄdĂșrtha na n-ainmhithe leochaileacha seo, chomh maith le fiach agus pĂłitseĂĄil, go bhfuil siad ar tĂ dul as feidhm. Is Ă© an fia roe Siberian an trĂłfaĂ is fearr le sealgairĂ agus poitseĂĄlaithe. BĂonn Ă©ileamh mĂłr ar adharca mĂłra, craicne agus feola tairisceana i gcĂłnaĂ.
Daonra agus stĂĄdas an speicis
Grianghraf: Fireann roe Siberian baineann
TĂĄ roinnt rĂ©igiĂșn ann ina bhfuil sĂ© liostaithe sa Leabhar Dearg. Ar chrĂoch ChĂłnaidhm na RĂșise, tĂĄ fianna na SibĂ©ire liostaithe i Leabhar Dearg RĂ©igiĂșn Tomsk agus i gCrĂoch Krasnoyarsk. Sannadh stĂĄdas daonra atĂĄ ag laghdĂș dĂłibh.
Go ginearĂĄlta, inniu nĂl an speiceas faoi bhagairt dĂothaithe. A bhuĂochas le pĂłrĂș gabhĂĄla i lĂon mĂłr, tĂĄ thart ar 10-13 milliĂșn duine i lĂĄr na hEorpa. CĂ© dhĂĄ nĂł dhĂł go leith scĂłr bliain Ăł shin, bhĂ a lĂon nĂos mĂł nĂĄ dhĂĄ uair nĂos lĂș.
Ligeann torthĂșlacht ard daonraĂ a aisghabhĂĄil go tapa. I roinnt rĂ©igiĂșn, ceadaĂtear fiĂș fia roe Siberian a fhiach tar Ă©is ceadĂșnas a cheannach. I dtĂortha LĂĄr na hĂise, meastar gur sĂĄr-bhia Ă feoil na bhfianna mar gheall ar a luach cothaithe.
Fianna roe Siberian a chosaint
Grianghraf: Leabhar Dearg fianna Siberian
Dâfhonn an t-ainmhĂ a chosaint, tĂĄ cosc ââar fhiach a dhĂ©anamh orthu i rĂ©igiĂșin ina laghdaĂtear daonra an speicis go suntasach. Mar shampla, dĂ©anann an RA timpiste fiĂș mĂĄ dhĂ©antar ainmhĂ a ghortĂș ann. Ar chrĂoch ChĂłnaidhm na RĂșise, tĂĄ bearta ĂĄ ndĂ©anamh freisin chun srian a chur le pĂłitseĂĄil agus fiaigh neamhĂșdaraithe. MĂĄ shĂĄraĂtear na rialacha, gearrfar fĂneĂĄil ar an ionsaitheoir. Braitheann a mhĂ©id ar scĂĄla an damĂĄiste a dhĂ©antar.
FĂ©ar roe Siberian - ainmhĂ an-gleoite agus leochaileach. Is dĂol spĂ©ise stĂl mhaireachtĂĄla agus iompar sa nĂĄdĂșr. FĂ©achann Man leis na dĂĄlaĂ is compordaĂ a chruthĂș chun raon na mamaigh neamhrialaithe seo a leathnĂș.
DĂĄta foilsithe: 27.02.2019
DĂĄta nuashonraithe: 25.11.2019 ag 22:33